Automatic regulator for turbo superchargers



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.BY awd IORNEY To all whom it may concer/n:

Patented oa. 2o, ,1925.

UNITE-o srA'rss ADoLrH L. BERGER AND DAVID GREGG, or DAYTON, oHIo.

AUTOMATIC REGULATOR FOB TURB SUPERCHARGERS.

Application le-d September 12, 192,3. Serial No. 662,361.

Be it known that we, ADOLPH L. BERGER and DAVID GREGG, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Dayton, in the county. of Montgomery andState of' Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAutomatic Regulators for Turbo Superchargers, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates toa regulating device for a turbo supercharger ofthe kind used in aircraft for the regulation of the air` pressure supplyto the carburetor of an internal combustion engine for high altitudeuse.

The object of this invention is to provide an automatic regulation ofthe turbo Superf charger so as to maintain the air supply to thecarburetor or carburetors at any desired pressure; and one in which thefluctuations in the air pressure are minimized as faras possible. A

A second object is to provide a reversible electric motor for slowlyopening and closing the waste gate to provide an automatic regulator forthe exhaust gases leading to the turbine driven supercharger.

Further objects w1ll be more fully set forth in the attachedspecification andv claim.

In the drawings: Y

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the en tire apparatus showing theelectrical .co'nnections between the reversible electric motor and thecontact controlling device and also showing schematically the fluidpassages of the supercharger.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of the electrical connections and Fig. 3 is avertical 'section through the center of the contact controlling) box.

Referring to the drawings y reference i numerals, 1 indicates thecylinder of an internal combustionengine having an inlet valve 2 and anexhaust valve 3. The exhaust valve conducts the gases from the cylinderto an exhaust pipe 4 which leads to a chamber or nozzle box 5 havingnozzles or outlets 6 through which the exhaust gases issue and drive theturbine blades of the turbine 7.y The gases expand as they pass throughthe nozzles and acquire a high velocity before they enter the blades orbuckets of the turbine wheel which is thuereby'tdriven at high speed. Animpeller`8 which is directly connected to the turbine wheel 7 androtated thereby in a casing 9 supplies air under pressure to an airintake pipe 10, takingthis air from suitable openings in the casing 9which lead to the external atmosphere.

The airl under pressure in the pipe. 10 is.

supplied yto a carburetor 11 which is connected in the customary mannerso as to supply a gas mixture to the cylinder of the engine. The airentering the carburetor is maintained at any desired pressure within thecapacity of the supercharger by the operation of a waste gate 12 whichis automatically governed in a manner as will be more fullyV describedso as to permit, at times,

part of the-exhaust gases to be released or wasted through this gate,and cut down the supply leading to the nozzle box.

The Waste gate 12 which is shown as a flapper valve, is connected by asuitable linkarrangement 13 to a reciprocating rod 14 having threads 15.A reversible electric motor 16 drives a worm 17 which operates a wormwheel 18 rotatably mounted upon the rod 14 and held against axialdisplacement by an abutment 19 and a projection or flange 20 formed asarts ofthe housingof the rod and worm adJusting mechanism. The worm gear18 is rigidly lconnected b means of bolts 21 to a sleeve 22 interior ythreaded so as to engage the threads 15 ofthe rod 14. It will thereforebe understood that a rotation of the motor in one direction rotates thesleeve 22 so as to move the rod 14 in one direction, and an oppositerotation of the motor will operate in a similar manner tomove the rod 14in a reverse direction, so as to control the" opening ofthe exhaust gate1-2. In Y Fig. 1 the gate 12 is shown in its closed position, the rod 14being at its extreme 'position to the right as shown in this figure. Innormal operation, the gate 12 is maintained slightly open so as toprmittthe electric motor to control this gate in' either direction. Thatis, to either o en or close it.

The movements ofthe gate ue to the electric motor, are comparativelyslow because of the slow movements of the rod' 14 soas to .prmit thecontrol of the motor to function fore the gate is fully moved in eitherdirection. vThe pressure of the air supplied by the surercharger istherefore maintained exceedinglv steadv..

In order'to control direction o f rotation of the motor, a contact-makindevice is provided in ahousing 23, this ousing being closed with theexception of an opening provided so as to connect the housing with apipe 24 leading to the air intakepipe 10. Within this housing is aAclosed bellows 25 attached at 26 to the side wall 27 of thehousing.This closed bellows provides a iexible sealed chamber which expands whenthe surrounding air pressure decreases, or contracts lwhen thesurrounding air increases, the surrounding' air pressure, of course,being the same as that supplied to the carburetor.

projection 29 of 4the bellowsvto a lever 30 pivoted at the point 31 upona suitable support within the housing for this lever.` This.

lever carries four contact points 32,33,

34 land 35, contacts 32 and. 34 being at all' and 43` are likewiseconnected to the armaf ture of the motor and are' adapted to coact withthe contacts 34 and 35 when the'lever 30 is moved to the right from theneutral position shown in Fig. 3. When-the lever 30 is moved in onedirection the electric motor is connected to the source of power androtated so as to close the gate 12, and o ening movements of the gate 12are cause bya reverse movement of the lever 30 and the contacts carriedthereby.

' orbellows' 25.

The bellowsv 25 is 'connected by means' of a pivot 28 on an integralSince the air within the closed chamber 25 is permanently sealedtherein, any change in pressure of the air within the pipe 10 causes acorresponding change in pressure in the housing of the contact closingmechavnism and induces a movement either expansion or contraction of the`closed chamber As the contact-making meclianism is rather sensitive andis overned entirely by changes in pressure o the air Within the pipe 10and as the translational movements of the rod 14 are small for thecorresponding rotational -movements of the motor, it will be seen thatthe gate 12is moved through a very small distance toward .or away fromits neutral position Yin order to maintain a constant 'air pressuresupply to the engine.

We claim:

An automatic control for a turbine driven superchargery for internalcombustion englues 1n whlch the englne exhaust is used or driving thesupercharger fan, comprising in, combination, a waste gate in theexhaust manifold of the engine, an electric motor having reversibleconnections toreverse the direction of rotation thereof, speed reducingmeans connecting said motor to said waste gate to cause the waste gatetobe slowly moved by said motor, and an automatic switch controlling thereversible connections of said motor, said' switch hav' ing a movableelement actuated by dierence in pressure between the outlet ofv saidpressure.

In testimony whereof we afx' our .signatures.

1 ADOLPH'L. BERGER. ,DAVID GREGG.

Asupercharger fan and normal' atmospheric

